قیافہ شناسی کا بیان
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، وَعُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ الْمَعْنَى، وَابْنُ السَّرْحِ، قَالُوا: حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْعَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ: دَخَلَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَالَ مُسَدَّدٌ وَ ابْنُ السَّرْحِ: يَوْمًا مَسْرُورًا، وَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ: يُعْرَفُ أَسَارِيرُ وَجْهِهِ، فَقَالَ: أَيْ عَائِشَةُ، أَلَمْ تَرَيْ أَنَّ مُجَزِّزًا الْمُدْلِجِيَّ رَأَى زَيْدًا وَ أُسَامَةَ قَدْ غَطَّيَا رُءُوسَهُمَا بِقَطِيفَةٍ وَبَدَتْ أَقْدَامُهُمَا ؟فَقَالَ: إِنَّ هَذِهِ الْأَقْدَامَ بَعْضُهَا مِنْ بَعْضٍ. قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُد: كَانَ أُسَامَةُ أَسْوَدَ وَكَانَ زَيْدٌ أَبْيَضَ.
ام المؤمنین عائشہ ؓ کہتی ہیں کہ رسول اللہ ﷺ میرے پاس (مسدد اور ابن سرح کی روایت میں ہے) ایک دن خوش و خرم تشریف لائے (اور عثمان کی روایت میں ہے آپ کے چہرے پر خوشی کی لکیریں ١ ؎ محسوس کی جا رہی تھیں) تو آپ ﷺ نے فرمایا: عائشہ! کیا تو نے دیکھا نہیں کہ مجزز مدلجی نے زید بن حارثہ اور اسامہ بن زید کو اس حال میں دیکھا کہ وہ دونوں اپنے سر چادر سے ڈھانکے ہوئے تھے اور پیر کھلے ہوئے تھے تو کہا کہ یہ پاؤں ایک دوسرے سے ملتے جلتے ہیں ۔ ابوداؤد کہتے ہیں: اسامہ کالے تھے اور زید گورے تھے۔
Amr bin Shuaib on his fathers authority said that his grandfather reported: The Prophet ﷺ decided regarding one who was treated as a member of a family after the death of his father, to whom he was attributed when the heirs said he was one of them, that if he was the child of a slave-woman whom the father owned when he had intercourse with her, he was included among those who sought his inclusion, but received none of the inheritance which was previously divided; he, however, received his portion of the inheritance which had not already been divided; but if the father to whom he was attributed had disowned him, he was not joined to the heirs. If he was a child of a slave-woman whom the father did not possess or of a free woman with whom he had illicit intercourse, he was not joined to the heirs and did not inherit even if the one to whom he was attributed is the one who claimed paternity, since he was a child of fornication whether his mother was free or a slave.