51. Surah Adh-Dhaariyat

الذارياتThe Winnowing Winds · 60 ayahsمعارف القرآن انگلش

Ayahs 51:38–46

وَ فِیْ مُوْسٰۤى اِذْ اَرْسَلْنٰهُ اِلٰى فِرْعَوْنَ بِسُلْطٰنٍ مُّبِیْنٍ Open ayah 51:38 in the Quran reader

And (We left a similar sign) in (the story of) Musa, when We sent him to Fir'aun (the Pharoah) with a clear proof.

فَتَوَلّٰى بِرُكْنِهٖ وَ قَالَ سٰحِرٌ اَوْ مَجْنُوْنٌ Open ayah 51:39 in the Quran reader

So he turned away along with his chiefs and said, " (Musa is) a magician or a madman!"

فَاَخَذْنٰهُ وَ جُنُوْدَهٗ فَنَبَذْنٰهُمْ فِی الْیَمِّ وَ هُوَ مُلِیْمٌؕ Open ayah 51:40 in the Quran reader

So We seized him and his army, and cast them into the sea, as he was the one who came up with culpable behaviour.

وَ فِیْ عَادٍ اِذْ اَرْسَلْنَا عَلَیْهِمُ الرِّیْحَ الْعَقِیْمَۚ Open ayah 51:41 in the Quran reader

And (a similar sign was left) in (the story of) ` Ad, when We sent upon them the wind that was barren (from any benefit);

مَا تَذَرُ مِنْ شَیْءٍ اَتَتْ عَلَیْهِ اِلَّا جَعَلَتْهُ كَالرَّمِیْمِؕ Open ayah 51:42 in the Quran reader

it spared nothing it came upon, but rendered it like a stuff smashed by decay.

وَ فِیْ ثَمُوْدَ اِذْ قِیْلَ لَهُمْ تَمَتَّعُوْا حَتّٰى حِیْنٍ Open ayah 51:43 in the Quran reader

And (a similar sign was left) in (the story of) Thamud, when it was said to them, "Enjoy yourselves for a while."

فَعَتَوْا عَنْ اَمْرِ رَبِّهِمْ فَاَخَذَتْهُمُ الصّٰعِقَةُ وَ هُمْ یَنْظُرُوْنَ Open ayah 51:44 in the Quran reader

Then they rebelled against the command of your Lord; so the thunderbolt (of divine punishment) seized them, while they were looking on.

فَمَا اسْتَطَاعُوْا مِنْ قِیَامٍ وَّ مَا كَانُوْا مُنْتَصِرِیْنَۙ Open ayah 51:45 in the Quran reader

Then they were neither able to stand upright, nor could they defend themselves.

وَ قَوْمَ نُوْحٍ مِّنْ قَبْلُ١ؕ اِنَّهُمْ كَانُوْا قَوْمًا فٰسِقِیْنَ۠ Open ayah 51:46 in the Quran reader

And (We have destroyed) the people of Nu1h before; indeed they were a sinful people.

After the mention of the people of Lut (علیہ السلام) ، the people of Musa (علیہ السلام) ، Fir'aun and others are taken up briefly. When Musa (علیہ السلام) delivered the message of truth to Fir'aun, the latter reacted thus: فَتَوَلَّىٰ بِرُ‌كْنِهِ (So he turned away along with his chiefs,...51:39) The original word used for 'his chiefs' is rukn which means power. Here it is used to refer to his army and chiefs of his government. In the story of Lut (علیہ السلام) he has been mentioned saying, أَوْ آوِي إِلَىٰ رُ‌كْنٍ شَدِيدٍ (or that I had the backing of a strong group' The word rukn is used there in the same sense. (See Ma’ ariful Qur’ an, Vol. 4/p. 658, 661: '...or that I had the backing of some strong group...' ) After this, the stories of the people of ` Ad, Thamud and Nuh (علیہم السلام) are told. These stories were narrated many times before.
Ayahs 51:47–49

وَ السَّمَآءَ بَنَیْنٰهَا بِاَیْىدٍ وَّ اِنَّا لَمُوْسِعُوْنَ Open ayah 51:47 in the Quran reader

And the sky was built by Us with might, and indeed, We are the One who expands.

وَ الْاَرْضَ فَرَشْنٰهَا فَنِعْمَ الْمٰهِدُوْنَ Open ayah 51:48 in the Quran reader

And the earth was spread by Us as a floor; so excellent Spreader are We.

وَ مِنْ كُلِّ شَیْءٍ خَلَقْنَا زَوْجَیْنِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَذَكَّرُوْنَ Open ayah 51:49 in the Quran reader

And from everything We have created (a pair of) two kinds, so that you may receive advice.

Proofs of Allah's Oneness abound in the Creation of the Heavens and Earth The preceding verses mentioned the reality of the Hereafter and the Judgment Day, and the punishment of those who denied the reality. The present set of verses reaffirm the perfect power of Allah, reminding us about the reality of the Day of Resurrection and allaying the doubt and suspicion of those who deny the reality. It proves the oneness of Allah and reiterates emphatically to believe in the Messenger ﷺ . بَنَيْنَاهَا بِأَيْدٍ وَإِنَّا لَمُوسِعُونَ (And the sky was built by Us with might, and indeed, We are the One who expands.... 51:47). The word aidin, according to Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، means strength or power in this context.
Ayahs 51:50–55

فَفِرُّوْۤا اِلَى اللّٰهِ١ؕ اِنِّیْ لَكُمْ مِّنْهُ نَذِیْرٌ مُّبِیْنٌۚ Open ayah 51:50 in the Quran reader

So flee to Allah. Indeed I am a plain warner sent by Him for you.

وَ لَا تَجْعَلُوْا مَعَ اللّٰهِ اِلٰهًا اٰخَرَ١ؕ اِنِّیْ لَكُمْ مِّنْهُ نَذِیْرٌ مُّبِیْنٌۚ Open ayah 51:51 in the Quran reader

And do not make up any other god along with Allah. Indeed I am a plain warner sent by Him for you.

كَذٰلِكَ مَاۤ اَتَى الَّذِیْنَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ مِّنْ رَّسُوْلٍ اِلَّا قَالُوْا سَاحِرٌ اَوْ مَجْنُوْنٌۚ Open ayah 51:52 in the Quran reader

In similar way, no messenger came to those before them, but they said, " (He is) a magician or a madman."

اَتَوَاصَوْا بِهٖ١ۚ بَلْ هُمْ قَوْمٌ طَاغُوْنَۚ Open ayah 51:53 in the Quran reader

Have they handed down (this saying) to each other as a legacy? No, but they are a rebellious people.

فَتَوَلَّ عَنْهُمْ فَمَاۤ اَنْتَ بِمَلُوْمٍ٢ۗ٘ Open ayah 51:54 in the Quran reader

So, turn away from them, for you are not blamed.

وَّ ذَكِّرْ فَاِنَّ الذِّكْرٰى تَنْفَعُ الْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ Open ayah 51:55 in the Quran reader

And keep reminding, because reminding benefits the believers.

فَفِرُّ‌وا إِلَى اللَّـهِ (So flee to Allah....51:50). Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ said: "It means: Flee from your sins and take shelter in Allah for repentance." Abu Bakr Warraq and Junaid Baghdadi رحمۃ اللہ علیہما said that the base self of man and the devil invite him to commit sins, and they deceive him. He needs to take refuge in Allah who will protect him against their evil. (Qurtubi)
Ayah 51:56

وَ مَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَ الْاِنْسَ اِلَّا لِیَعْبُدُوْنِ Open ayah 51:56 in the Quran reader

And I did not create the Jinns and the human beings except that they should worship Me.

[ 60] The Purpose of Jinn's and Mankind's creation وَمَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَالْإِنسَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ (And I did not create the Jinns and the human beings except that they should worship Me."...51:56). This apparently may raise two questions: [ 1] If Allah has created a creature for a particular task, and it is His will that it should perform that task, rationally it is impossible for it to deviate from that task, because doing anything contrary to the will of Allah is inconceivable. [ 2] The purpose of jinn's and man's creation has been restricted to the worship of Allah whereas there are many other underlying reasons and benefits in their creation. Scholars have made different approaches to solve these problems. Some say that this verse pertains to the believers only, that is, only believing jinn and believing mankind are created for worship and for no other task. It is obvious that the believers are more or less steadfast to worship. This is the view of Dahhak, Sufyan Thawri and others. According to one version of Sayyidna Ibn ` Abbas ؓ ، the word mu'minin does occur in the verse thus: وَمَا خَلَقْتُ الْجِنَّ وَالْإِنسَ مِنَ المُؤمِنِینَ إِلَّا لِيَعْبُدُونِ And I have not created the believing jinn and mankind except that they should worship Me'. This version supports the view that the verse is only in connection with the believers. Another answer to the question, given by Moulana Ashraf ` Ali Thanawi (رح) is that: Allah has commanded all to worship, but at the same time He has equipped them with free will. Some of them exercised their God-given free will correctly and chose to worship Him, but others used their God-given free will incorrectly and deviated from worshipping Him. This is what Sayyidna Ali ؓ has said, as quoted by Baghawi. Tafsir Mazhari gives a plain and simple explication of this verse: Allah has equipped every jinn and man with the innate capacity to worship. Some use the capacity rightly and succeed, while others employ it wrongly in sinning and fulfilling their base emotions, and thus destroy it. The Messenger ﷺ is reported to have said: کُلُّ مَولُودِ یُّولَدُ عَلَی الفِطرَۃِ فَاَبَوَاہُ یُھَوِّدَانِہٖ اَو یُمَجِّسَانِہٖ "Every child is born according to the fitrah but his parents [ cause him to deviate from the unadulterated propensity ] and turn him into a Jew or a Christian or a Magian." According to the majority of the scholars, fitrah here refers to the religion of Islam. Just as this Tradition tells us that every man is born with the natural capacity for Islam and true faith, but his parents adulterate and destroy that capacity, and put him on to the ways of disbelief, in the same way the phrase 'except that they should worship Me' could mean that every member of jinn and mankind has the natural, inborn capacity to worship. Allah, the Pure and Exalted, knows best. Answer to the second question is that bringing any creation into being for the purpose of worship does not necessarily imply that they are unfit for other functions of life.
Ayahs 51:57–58

مَاۤ اُرِیْدُ مِنْهُمْ مِّنْ رِّزْقٍ وَّ مَاۤ اُرِیْدُ اَنْ یُّطْعِمُوْنِ Open ayah 51:57 in the Quran reader

I do not want any sustenance from them, nor do I want them to feed Me.

اِنَّ اللّٰهَ هُوَ الرَّزَّاقُ ذُو الْقُوَّةِ الْمَتِیْنُ Open ayah 51:58 in the Quran reader

In fact, Allah is the All-Sustainer, Possessor of power, the Strong.

مَا أُرِ‌يدُ مِنْهُم مِّن رِّ‌زْقٍ (I do not want any sustenance from them, nor do I want them to feed Me...51:57). It means that by creating jinn and mankind, Allah does not stand in need of them, so that they will have to produce sustenance for Him or for themselves or for any of His other creations or that they earn to feed Him. This has been stated according to the general trend of people. The most affluent of men buys a slave and spends on him not for nothing, but he has an underlying purpose: He expects the slaves to work for him, help him in his tasks, fulfill his needs and earn livelihood for his master. Allah is immaculate, pure and above all these things. In creating human beings, He does not profit or benefit anything.
Ayahs 51:59–60

فَاِنَّ لِلَّذِیْنَ ظَلَمُوْا ذَنُوْبًا مِّثْلَ ذَنُوْبِ اَصْحٰبِهِمْ فَلَا یَسْتَعْجِلُوْنِ Open ayah 51:59 in the Quran reader

So, those who did wrong deserve a share (in the punishment) like the share of their companions. So, they should not ask Me to hasten on.

فَوَیْلٌ لِّلَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا مِنْ یَّوْمِهِمُ الَّذِیْ یُوْعَدُوْنَ۠ Open ayah 51:60 in the Quran reader

Woe, then, to those who disbelieve because of the Day of theirs that they are promised (for punishment).

The word ذُنُوب dhanub in verse 59 is with lath on the letter [ dh ] which means a large bucket that is kept at the common wells of a locality for the purpose of drawing and filling water. A turn is designated for each of the persons using the large common bucket to draw out water from the well, so that he is conveniently able to fill it in his own private bucket in his turn. Thus the word here is employed in the sense of turn, share or portion. Hence it is translated above as follows: "So, those who did wrong deserve a share (in the punishment) like the share of their companions." The verse purports to warn the disbelievers that the past communities were given an opportunity to work. When each of these communities did not take advantage of the opportunity in their respective time and persisted in their evil course, they were punished and destroyed. Likewise, the present pagans of Makkah are designated a time and opportunity. If they do not take advantage of the allocated time and opportunity and persist in their paganism, they will be punished in this world; otherwise the punishment of the Hereafter is most certain. They will thus meet with a fate similar to that of the opponents of former Prophets. Like them they will come to a sad end. This verse, in which the word dhanuban occurs, indicates that they will receive their due share of the torment, and it will surely come in due time; so they should not ask for it to be hastened on or rushed to them. Al-hamdulillah The Commentary on Surah Adh-Dhariyat Ends here