54. Surah Al-Qamar

القمرThe Moon · 55 ayahsمعارف القرآن انگلش

Ayahs 54:18–42

كَذَّبَتْ عَادٌ فَكَیْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِیْ وَ نُذُرِ Open ayah 54:18 in the Quran reader

(The people of) ` Ad rejected (their prophet). How then was My torment and My warnings?

اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا عَلَیْهِمْ رِیْحًا صَرْصَرًا فِیْ یَوْمِ نَحْسٍ مُّسْتَمِرٍّۙ Open ayah 54:19 in the Quran reader

We did send to them a furious wind in a day of lasting bad luck,

تَنْزِعُ النَّاسَ١ۙ كَاَنَّهُمْ اَعْجَازُ نَخْلٍ مُّنْقَعِرٍ Open ayah 54:20 in the Quran reader

plucking people away, as if they were trunks of uprooted palm-trees.

فَكَیْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِیْ وَ نُذُرِ Open ayah 54:21 in the Quran reader

How then was My torment and My warnings?

وَ لَقَدْ یَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْاٰنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُّدَّكِرٍ۠ Open ayah 54:22 in the Quran reader

And indeed We have made the Qur'an easy for seeking advice. So, is there one to seek advice?

كَذَّبَتْ ثَمُوْدُ بِالنُّذُرِ Open ayah 54:23 in the Quran reader

(The people of) Thamud rejected the warners.

فَقَالُوْۤا اَبَشَرًا مِّنَّا وَاحِدًا نَّتَّبِعُهٗۤ١ۙ اِنَّاۤ اِذًا لَّفِیْ ضَلٰلٍ وَّ سُعُرٍ Open ayah 54:24 in the Quran reader

So they said, "Shall we follow a single human being from among us? Then we will be in error and insanity.

ءَاُلْقِیَ الذِّكْرُ عَلَیْهِ مِنْۢ بَیْنِنَا بَلْ هُوَ كَذَّابٌ اَشِرٌ Open ayah 54:25 in the Quran reader

Is it that the advice has been cast upon him alone out of all of us? No, but he is a bragging liar."

سَیَعْلَمُوْنَ غَدًا مَّنِ الْكَذَّابُ الْاَشِرُ Open ayah 54:26 in the Quran reader

Tomorrow they will know who is the bragging liar!

اِنَّا مُرْسِلُوا النَّاقَةِ فِتْنَةً لَّهُمْ فَارْتَقِبْهُمْ وَ اصْطَبِرْ٘ Open ayah 54:27 in the Quran reader

We are going to send the She-camel as a trial for them; so watch them (0 Salih,) and keep patience,

وَ نَبِّئْهُمْ اَنَّ الْمَآءَ قِسْمَةٌۢ بَیْنَهُمْ١ۚ كُلُّ شِرْبٍ مُّحْتَضَرٌ Open ayah 54:28 in the Quran reader

and tell them that water (of the well) is to be shared between them (and the She-camel), so as the right of having water shall be attended by each (alternatively).

فَنَادَوْا صَاحِبَهُمْ فَتَعَاطٰى فَعَقَرَ Open ayah 54:29 in the Quran reader

Then they called their man (to kill the She-camel,) so he undertook (the task) and killed (the She-camel).

فَكَیْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِیْ وَ نُذُرِ Open ayah 54:30 in the Quran reader

How then was My torment and My warnings?

اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا عَلَیْهِمْ صَیْحَةً وَّاحِدَةً فَكَانُوْا كَهَشِیْمِ الْمُحْتَظِرِ Open ayah 54:31 in the Quran reader

We sent upon them a single Cry, and they were like crushed leafs of a hedge-builder.

وَ لَقَدْ یَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْاٰنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُّدَّكِرٍ Open ayah 54:32 in the Quran reader

And indeed We have made the Qur'an easy for seeking advice. So, is there one to seek advice?

كَذَّبَتْ قَوْمُ لُوْطٍۭ بِالنُّذُرِ Open ayah 54:33 in the Quran reader

The people of Lilt rejected the warners.

اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا عَلَیْهِمْ حَاصِبًا اِلَّاۤ اٰلَ لُوْطٍ١ؕ نَجَّیْنٰهُمْ بِسَحَرٍۙ Open ayah 54:34 in the Quran reader

We sent upon them a rain of stones, except the family of Lut whom We saved in the last hours of night, as a grace from Us.

نِّعْمَةً مِّنْ عِنْدِنَا١ؕ كَذٰلِكَ نَجْزِیْ مَنْ شَكَرَ Open ayah 54:35 in the Quran reader

This is how We reward the one who offers gratitude.

وَ لَقَدْ اَنْذَرَهُمْ بَطْشَتَنَا فَتَمَارَوْا بِالنُّذُرِ Open ayah 54:36 in the Quran reader

And he (Lut) had certainly warned them of Our grasp, but they disputed the warnings.

وَ لَقَدْ رَاوَدُوْهُ عَنْ ضَیْفِهٖ فَطَمَسْنَاۤ اَعْیُنَهُمْ فَذُوْقُوْا عَذَابِیْ وَ نُذُرِ Open ayah 54:37 in the Quran reader

And they had even tried to tempt him against his guests (so that they may snatch them away for bad purpose,) but We blinded their eyes: "Now taste My torment and My warnings!"

وَ لَقَدْ صَبَّحَهُمْ بُكْرَةً عَذَابٌ مُّسْتَقِرٌّۚ Open ayah 54:38 in the Quran reader

And on the next morning, a lasting torment overtook them:

فَذُوْقُوْا عَذَابِیْ وَ نُذُرِ Open ayah 54:39 in the Quran reader

"Now taste My torment and My warnings."

وَ لَقَدْ یَسَّرْنَا الْقُرْاٰنَ لِلذِّكْرِ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُّدَّكِرٍ۠ Open ayah 54:40 in the Quran reader

And indeed We have made the Qur'an easy for seeking advice. So, is there one to seek advice?

وَ لَقَدْ جَآءَ اٰلَ فِرْعَوْنَ النُّذُرُۚ Open ayah 54:41 in the Quran reader

And the warners came to the family of Fir'aun (Pharaoh).

كَذَّبُوْا بِاٰیٰتِنَا كُلِّهَا فَاَخَذْنٰهُمْ اَخْذَ عَزِیْزٍ مُّقْتَدِرٍ Open ayah 54:42 in the Quran reader

(But) they rejected all Our signs; so We seized them - a seizure by a Mighty, a Powerful Being.

Lexicological Analysis The word سُعُر su'ur has appeared twice in this Surah. First it has appeared in verse 24 in connection with the people of Thamud where it is their own word, and means 'madness or insanity'. The second time, the word appears in connection with the punishment of the sinners where it is the word of Allah in the forthcoming verse [ 47] فِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ‌. Here the word سُعُر su'ur may also be taken in the sense of Hell-Fire. According to lexicologists, the word su'ur is used in both these senses. رَ‌اوَدُوهُ عَن ضَيْفِهِ (And they had even tried to tempt him against his guests...54:37). The word murawadah signifies to entice someone to satisfy one's lust. This verse refers to the night when the angels came to Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) in the shape of handsome young men, as a test from Allah for his people who were addicted to homosexuality. Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) hosted his guests. The licentious people came to him from every direction, and the Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) had to shut the door to protect his guests. They came during the night and tried to break the door down and scale the walls to come in. The immoral behaviour of his people distressed Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) but when the guests revealed to him that they were angels and have been sent by Allah to inflict destructive punishment on his people, he felt comforted; they assured him that they will not be able to hurt them in any way. Surah Al-Qamar started on the note that Doomsday is fast approaching, so that the infidels and pagans, who have lust and greed for this world and are unaware of the Hereafter, come to their senses. First, the punishment of the Hereafter is mentioned. Then the evil consequences of their misdeeds in the present life are cited. Reference is made to the conditions of world-famous nations, their opposition to their respective prophets and its evil consequences. The people of Lut (علیہ السلام) were the first people who were destroyed by Divine punishment. Many different kinds of devastating torments were inflicted on the people of Lut (علیہ السلام) ، the tribes of ` Ad, Thamud and Lut (علیہ السلام) and the people of Fir'aun in this world. Their stories and histories are recounted in detail on several occasions in the Qur'an. Here they have been condensed. All these five nations were the strongest and resourceful. It was not possible for any of the subdued nations to overcome any of these superpowers. The current set of verses show how the superpowers were destroyed by Divine punishment. After describing the punishment of each nation, the Qur'an repeats the following statement as a refrain: فَكَيْفَ كَانَ عَذَابِي وَنُذُرِ‌ (How then was My torment and My warnings?). That is, when the Divine chastisement overtook these nations who were very powerful in terms of might, wealth and number were killed like flies and mosquitoes. In addition, the following verse is repeated to advise the Muslims and the infidels in general: وَلَقَدْ يَسَّرْ‌نَا الْقُرْ‌آنَ لِلذِّكْرِ‌ فَهَلْ مِن مُّدَّكِرٍ‌ (and indeed We have made the Qur'an easy for seeking advice. So, is there one to seek advice?) This is to indicate that the only way to avoid the terrible chastisement is to take to the advice of the Qur'an. Allah has made the Qur'an easy to the extent of paying heed to the admonition and warnings. Only the most ill-fated person will not take advantage of the warnings. The forthcoming verses address the people of the time of the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ that they are not more powerful in terms of wealth, number and might than the people of Prophet Lut (علیہ السلام) the tribes of ` Ad and Thamud, Prophet Lut’ s علیہ السلام people and the people of Fir'aun. Then how are they sitting in a careless manner?
Ayahs 54:43–48

اَكُفَّارُكُمْ خَیْرٌ مِّنْ اُولٰٓئِكُمْ اَمْ لَكُمْ بَرَآءَةٌ فِی الزُّبُرِۚ Open ayah 54:43 in the Quran reader

(Now) are the disbelievers among you in a better position than all of them (the aforesaid punished people), or do you have immunity (recorded) in the sacred books?

اَمْ یَقُوْلُوْنَ نَحْنُ جَمِیْعٌ مُّنْتَصِرٌ Open ayah 54:44 in the Quran reader

Or do they say, "We are a large group, well-defended."?

سَیُهْزَمُ الْجَمْعُ وَ یُوَلُّوْنَ الدُّبُرَ Open ayah 54:45 in the Quran reader

Soon shall this 'large group' be defeated, and all will turn their backs.

بَلِ السَّاعَةُ مَوْعِدُهُمْ وَ السَّاعَةُ اَدْهٰى وَ اَمَرُّ Open ayah 54:46 in the Quran reader

Rather the Hour (of judgment) is their appointed time (for their full recompense), and the Hour is more calamitous and more bitter.

اِنَّ الْمُجْرِمِیْنَ فِیْ ضَلٰلٍ وَّ سُعُرٍۘ Open ayah 54:47 in the Quran reader

Surely the guilty ones are in error and madness.

یَوْمَ یُسْحَبُوْنَ فِی النَّارِ عَلٰى وُجُوْهِهِمْ١ؕ ذُوْقُوْا مَسَّ سَقَرَ Open ayah 54:48 in the Quran reader

On the Day when they will be dragged into the Fire on their faces, (it will be said to them,) "Taste the touch of Hell."

Lexicological analysis The word زُبُر zubur (in verse 43) is the plural of zabur, which stands for any written book. It specifically refers to the Scripture that was revealed to Prophet Dawud (علیہ السلام) . أَدْهَىٰ وَأَمَرُّ‌ (...more calamitous and more bitter...54:46). The word adha means more or most calamitous. The word amarr is derived from murr which originally means 'bitter'. By extension anything 'difficult' or 'painful' is also referred to as amarr and murr. In the phrase فِي ضَلَالٍ وَسُعُرٍ‌ fi dalalin wa su'ur, dalal, as is known, means 'error' or 'deviation' and the word su'ur in the present context means the 'Hell-Fire1.' In the phrase ashya'akum, (verse 51) ashya` is the plural of shi'ah, and it means a 'follower', that is, those who follow their pattern of life. (1). This is according to one interpretation. The other meaning of the word is 'madness' and the translation in the text is based on this meaning. (Muhammad Taqi Usmani In the phrase مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ maq` adi-sidqin, the word maq'ad means 'seat' and the word sidq means 'truth' and implies the 'seat of truth' where there will be no idle and obscene talks.
Ayahs 54:49–55

اِنَّا كُلَّ شَیْءٍ خَلَقْنٰهُ بِقَدَرٍ Open ayah 54:49 in the Quran reader

Verily, We have created everything according to (Our) predestination.

وَ مَاۤ اَمْرُنَاۤ اِلَّا وَاحِدَةٌ كَلَمْحٍۭ بِالْبَصَرِ Open ayah 54:50 in the Quran reader

And (implementation of) Our command is no more than a single act like the twinkling of an eye.

وَ لَقَدْ اَهْلَكْنَاۤ اَشْیَاعَكُمْ فَهَلْ مِنْ مُّدَّكِرٍ Open ayah 54:51 in the Quran reader

And We have destroyed people like you; so, is there one to take lesson?

وَ كُلُّ شَیْءٍ فَعَلُوْهُ فِی الزُّبُرِ Open ayah 54:52 in the Quran reader

And everything they have done is recorded in the books (of deeds).

وَ كُلُّ صَغِیْرٍ وَّ كَبِیْرٍ مُّسْتَطَرٌ Open ayah 54:53 in the Quran reader

And everything, small and big, is written down.

اِنَّ الْمُتَّقِیْنَ فِیْ جَنّٰتٍ وَّ نَهَرٍۙ Open ayah 54:54 in the Quran reader

Of course, the God-fearing will be in gardens and rivers,

فِیْ مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ عِنْدَ مَلِیْكٍ مُّقْتَدِرٍ۠ Open ayah 54:55 in the Quran reader

in a seat of Truth, near to the Omnipotent Sovereign

إِنَّا كُلَّ شَيْءٍ خَلَقْنَاهُ بِقَدَرٍ‌ (Verily, We have created everything according to [ Our ] predestination...54:49). In the prepositional phrase bi-qadar, the word qadar literally denotes to 'measure' and to create something with a proper measure and proportion. It is possible for this literal sense of the word to apply in the current verse: Allah is the Supreme Sage Who created every species of the existent entity wisely with proper measurement - whether big or small, and in different shapes and sizes. Having created, He maintains the structure of every individual in a very wise measurement: The fingers and toes are not equal in size; the lengths are different; the length and breadth of hands and legs are wisely structured; and their bones, muscles and skins are created flexible to stretch and contract. When we analyze every single part of every single limb and organ of [ human ] body, we discern the wondrous vistas of Divine wisdom opening up. As a theological term, qadar is used in the sense of taqdir [ Divine predetermination, predestination, preordainment, preordering or decree ]. Most authorities on Tafsir, on account of some versions of hadith, take the word qadar here in this sense. It is recorded in Musnad of Ahmad, Sahib Muslim and Tirmidhi on the authority of Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ that once the pagans of Quraish came to the Holy Prophet ﷺ debating and arguing with him on the question of taqdir (Predestination). On that occasion this verse was revealed. In the light of this tradition, the verse purports to say that Allah has predetermined the total sum of everything. He created everything with predestined limits before they were created. He knew everything that will occur before it occurred, and recorded everything [ time and place, growth and decline ] that will occur, before they occurred. Everything that occurs in this world; occurs according to the Divine Plan worked out in Pre-Eternity or Eternity-without-Beginning. The question of taqdir, according to Ahl-us-sunnah wal jama` ah, is one of the affirmed and standard articles of faith in Islam. Anyone who denies it outright is an atheist or goes out of the pale Islam, and the sects that deny it by convoluted or twisted interpretation are fasiq in [ sinners or transgressors ]. Imam Ahmad, Abu Dawud and Tabarani record a Tradition on the authority of Sayyidna ` Abdullah Ibn ` Umar ؓ that the Holy Messenger ﷺ said: "Some members of every community are Magians, and the Magians of my Ummah are those who deny taqdir. If they fall ill, do not visit them; and if they die, do not attend their funerals." (Ruh al-Ma’ ani) Allah, the Pure and Exalted, knows best! Al-hamdulillah The Commentary on Surah Al-Qamar Ends here