29. Surah Al-Ankaboot

العنكبوتThe Spider · 69 ayahsمعارف القرآن انگلش

Read Surah Al-Ankaboot in the Quran reader
Ayahs 29:1–2

الٓمّٓۚ Open ayah 29:1 in the Quran reader

'Alif, Lam, Mim.

اَحَسِبَ النَّاسُ اَنْ یُّتْرَكُوْۤا اَنْ یَّقُوْلُوْۤا اٰمَنَّا وَ هُمْ لَا یُفْتَنُوْنَ Open ayah 29:2 in the Quran reader

Do people think that they will be left (at ease) only on their saying, "We believe" and will not be put to test?

Commentary وَهُمْ لَا يُفْتَنُونَ (And will not be put to test - 29:2). It is derived from Fitnah, which means trial or test. The believers, especially the prophets and pious, have to go through many a trials in this world. However, they always come out victors in the end. These trials and tribulations sometimes come as a result of enmity of the infidels and sinners by way of afflictions, as have been experienced by the Holy Prophet ﷺ and many other prophets, and at times in the form of diseases, as was experienced by Sayyidna Ayyub (علیہ السلام) . And for others many of these trial types are combined together. Although the background under which this verse was revealed, according to many narrations, was the harassment faced by the companions of the Holy Qur’ an from the infidels at the time of hijrah, but otherwise its message is common to all times. The sense is that the pious, saints and scholars will face the trials and tribulations in all times. (Qurtubi).
Ayah 29:3

وَ لَقَدْ فَتَنَّا الَّذِیْنَ مِنْ قَبْلِهِمْ فَلَیَعْلَمَنَّ اللّٰهُ الَّذِیْنَ صَدَقُوْا وَ لَیَعْلَمَنَّ الْكٰذِبِیْنَ Open ayah 29:3 in the Quran reader

And We have surely tested those who were before them. So Allah will surely know the ones who are truthful, and He will surely know the liars.

فَلَيَعْلَمَنَّ اللَّـهُ الَّذِينَ صَدَقُوا (So Allah will surely know the ones who are truthful - 29:3). It means that through tests and hardships the good and the bad, and the sincere and non-sincere will be differentiated, because if the hypocrites are mixed up with the sincere believers and are not identified, it may create a number of problems. The object of this verse is to elucidate the difference between the good and the bad, and between the sincere and the non-sincere. The expression used for this purpose is that Allah Ta’ ala will find out who are the true ones and who are the liars. Since He knows about every one even before his birth, whether he is a true one or a liar, the sense carried by this expression is that tests and trials are conducted to bring the distinction of good and bad on surface, so that others should also know. Hakim-ul-Ummah Thanawi (رح) has copied the argument of his Shaikh, Maulana Muhammad Ya` qub (رح) that sometimes people are addressed by descending down to their level of intellect. The common man makes distinction between the sincere and the hypocrites by testing him out. Therefore, according to their approach of understanding Allah Ta’ ala has said that, through various means, We would find out who is sincere and who is not, even though He knows everything from the very beginning.
Ayahs 29:4–8

اَمْ حَسِبَ الَّذِیْنَ یَعْمَلُوْنَ السَّیِّاٰتِ اَنْ یَّسْبِقُوْنَا١ؕ سَآءَ مَا یَحْكُمُوْنَ Open ayah 29:4 in the Quran reader

Is it that those who are committing evils think that they will escape from Us? Evil is what they decide.

مَنْ كَانَ یَرْجُوْا لِقَآءَ اللّٰهِ فَاِنَّ اَجَلَ اللّٰهِ لَاٰتٍ١ؕ وَ هُوَ السَّمِیْعُ الْعَلِیْمُ Open ayah 29:5 in the Quran reader

Whoever hopes for meeting Allah (must be sure that) Allah's appointed time has to come. And He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing.

وَ مَنْ جَاهَدَ فَاِنَّمَا یُجَاهِدُ لِنَفْسِهٖ١ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ لَغَنِیٌّ عَنِ الْعٰلَمِیْنَ Open ayah 29:6 in the Quran reader

And whoever strives, strives for his own benefit. Surely Allah is independent of all the worlds.

وَ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ لَنُكَفِّرَنَّ عَنْهُمْ سَیِّاٰتِهِمْ وَ لَنَجْزِیَنَّهُمْ اَحْسَنَ الَّذِیْ كَانُوْا یَعْمَلُوْنَ Open ayah 29:7 in the Quran reader

And those who believe and do righteous deeds, We will expiate their bad deeds and will give them a better reward (than their expectation) for what they used to do.

وَ وَصَّیْنَا الْاِنْسَانَ بِوَالِدَیْهِ حُسْنًا١ؕ وَ اِنْ جَاهَدٰكَ لِتُشْرِكَ بِیْ مَا لَیْسَ لَكَ بِهٖ عِلْمٌ فَلَا تُطِعْهُمَا١ؕ اِلَیَّ مَرْجِعُكُمْ فَاُنَبِّئُكُمْ بِمَا كُنْتُمْ تَعْمَلُوْنَ Open ayah 29:8 in the Quran reader

And We have instructed man to do good to his parents. And if they insist upon you that you should ascribe partners to Me, then do not obey them. To Me is your return; then I shall tell you about what you used to do.

Commentary وَوَصَّيْنَا الْإِنسَانَ (And We have instructed man - 29:8). Wasiyyah (وَصِیَّۃ) means to call someone for some action, when the call is based on advice and well wishing. (Mazhari) بِوَالِدَيْهِ حُسْنًا (to do good to his parents - 29:8). The Word Husn (حُسن) is an infinitive which means ' to be good'. at is meant here is to adopt good behavior. The meaning of the sentence is quite clear that Allah Ta’ ala has advised man to treat his parents kindly. وَإِن جَاهَدَاكَ لِتُشْرِ‌كَ بِي (And if they insist upon you that you should ascribe partners to Me - 29:8). It should be taken note of that the limit of kind treatment with parents should not go beyond the point where it comes in conflict with the injunctions of Allah Ta’ ala. If they force toward infidelity or associating some one with Allah, then they must not be obeyed, as advised in a hadith لَا طَاعَۃَ لِمَخلُوقِ فِی مَعصِیِّۃِ الخَالِق (A created being must not be obeyed in, disobedience of the Creator). This Hadith has been reported by Imam Ahmad and Hakim رحمۃ اللہ علیہما who has held it as Sahih). This verse was revealed in connection with Sayyidna Sa'd Ibn Abi Waqqas ؓ . He was one of the ten companions to whom the Holy Prophet ﷺ had given the good news of being in paradise, and who are called Al-'Ashrah Al-mubashsharah. He was an extremely obedient son of his mother and was always alert to look after her comfort. When his mother, Hamnah hint Abi Sufyan, learnt that her son, Sa'd, had accepted Islam, she got very upset and warned him against that, and then swore an oath that she would neither eat nor drink unless he turned back to his ancestral religion, or she would die of thirst and hunger, and he would be blamed universally for being the killer of his mother. (Muslim, Tirmidhi). Through this Qur'anic verse Sayyidna Sa'd ؓ was commanded not to listen to his mother. Baghawi has reported in his narration that the mother of Sayyidna Sa'd ؓ did not eat and drink for a day and night, and according to some other versions, for three days and three nights, and sticking to her oath, remained hungry and thirsty. For Sayyidna Sa'd ؓ mother's love and obedience was one thing, but Allah's command was another, which naturally took precedence over everything else. So he went to her and said to her firmly ` Dear mother, if there were hundred spirits in your body, and they were departing one by one, I would not have deserted my religion even seeing that scenario. It is now up to you whether you eat and drink or die. In any case I cannot abandon my religion'. Having been disappointed by his firmness, she started eating food.
Ayahs 29:9–10

وَ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَ عَمِلُوا الصّٰلِحٰتِ لَنُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ فِی الصّٰلِحِیْنَ Open ayah 29:9 in the Quran reader

And those who believe and do righteous deeds, We shall include them among the righteous.

وَ مِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ یَّقُوْلُ اٰمَنَّا بِاللّٰهِ فَاِذَاۤ اُوْذِیَ فِی اللّٰهِ جَعَلَ فِتْنَةَ النَّاسِ كَعَذَابِ اللّٰهِ١ؕ وَ لَئِنْ جَآءَ نَصْرٌ مِّنْ رَّبِّكَ لَیَقُوْلُنَّ اِنَّا كُنَّا مَعَكُمْ١ؕ اَوَ لَیْسَ اللّٰهُ بِاَعْلَمَ بِمَا فِیْ صُدُوْرِ الْعٰلَمِیْنَ Open ayah 29:10 in the Quran reader

And among men there are those who say, "We believe in Allah", but when they are persecuted in (the way of) Allah, they take the persecution of men, as equal to the punishment of Allah. And should any help comes from your Lord, they will certainly say, "We were with you." (1) Is it not that Allah knows well what lies in the hearts of the people of all the worlds?

(1)-It means that such people join the infidels when they apprehend some kind of torture from them, but when Allah's help will come to the Muslims in a battle against the infidels, they will pretend to be Muslims on the plea that they had joined the infidels only because they feared to be persecuted by them. (2)-The sense is that they did not believe in Islam with their hearts, and this fact cannot: be concealed from Him, because He knows whatever lies in the hearts of the people.
Ayahs 29:11–12

وَ لَیَعْلَمَنَّ اللّٰهُ الَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوْا وَ لَیَعْلَمَنَّ الْمُنٰفِقِیْنَ Open ayah 29:11 in the Quran reader

And Allah will certainly know those who believe and He will certainly know the hypocrites.

وَ قَالَ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا لِلَّذِیْنَ اٰمَنُوا اتَّبِعُوْا سَبِیْلَنَا وَ لْنَحْمِلْ خَطٰیٰكُمْ١ؕ وَ مَا هُمْ بِحٰمِلِیْنَ مِنْ خَطٰیٰهُمْ مِّنْ شَیْءٍ١ؕ اِنَّهُمْ لَكٰذِبُوْنَ Open ayah 29:12 in the Quran reader

And those who disbelieve say to those who believe, "Follow our way, and we will bear the burden of your sins." And they are not (able) to bear the burden of their sins in the least. Indeed they are pure liars.

Commentary وَقَالَ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُ‌وا (And those who disbelieve say - 29:12). The infidels had tried all sorts of devices to mislead the Muslims and to hinder the progress of their faith. Sometimes they tried to get hold of Muslims by show of power and wealth, and at others by trying to put doubts in their minds. This verse mentions one such move made by them. They asked Muslims not to leave their ancestral religion in fear of torments in the Hereafter, because no such thing was going to happen at the first place, but even the belief of the Muslims about the Hereafter would come true, they (the infidels) were willing to undertake that they themselves would bear all the torments in the Hereafter on behalf of the Muslims, and the Muslims would not suffer at all. A similar incident is related in the last ruku' of Surah –Najm أَفَرَ‌أَيْتَ الَّذِي تَوَلَّىٰ وَأَعْطَىٰ قَلِيلًا وَأَكْدَىٰ (Have you seen the one who turned his back, and gave a little, then stopped - 53:33-34). Once some infidels hoodwinked a naive friend of theirs by saying that if he gave them some money here in this world, they would save him in the Hereafter by taking upon themselves his share of the torment. He in fact started paying them the amount, but later stopped it. His foolishness and the absurdity of his action are related in detail in Surah -Najm. A similar sort of offer made by the infidels to the Muslims is related here. In response to this offer Allah Ta’ ala has said that those who say so are liars. They would not take upon them the burden of any one else. وَمَا هُم بِحَامِلِينَ مِنْ خَطَايَاهُم مِّن شَيْءٍ إِنَّهُمْ لَكَاذِبُونَ (And they are not (able) to bear the burden of their sins in the least. Indeed they are pure liars. -.29:12). It means that when they will see the severity of torment in the Hereafter, they would not dare to take upon themselves the share of anyone else. Hence their promise is false. It is also commented in Surah An-Najm that even if they were ready to take upon them the torment of others, Allah Ta’ ala will not allow it. Because it is against the code of justice that someone else is made to undergo the punishment for the crime committed by another person. The other point made by the Qur'an here is that although they will not be able to relieve others by taking on themselves the recompense for the sins others have committed, but this much is true that their effort to misguide others and to drift them away from the righteous path is by itself a big sin, which will be loaded upon them in addition to their own sins. This way they will be carrying their own sins as well as that of misguiding others. Invitation to sin is also a sin, the punishment of which is the same as that of committing it. It comes out quite clearly from this verse that the one who invites others to sin, or helps others in committing it, is as much a criminal as the one who actually commits it. A hadith quoted by Sayyidna Abu Hurairah ؓ and Anas Ibn Malik ؓ relates that once the Holy Prophet ﷺ said ` Anyone inviting people toward righteousness would be entitled to the collective blessings of all those who would act on his advice, without any reduction from the share of their reward; and anyone inviting people toward sin will also suffer the collective punishment of all those who would act upon his invitation to sin, without any reduction from the punishment of those who have committed that sin'. (Muslim, Ibn Majah, Qurtubi)
Ayahs 29:13–14

وَ لَیَحْمِلُنَّ اَثْقَالَهُمْ وَ اَثْقَالًا مَّعَ اَثْقَالِهِمْ١٘ وَ لَیُسْئَلُنَّ یَوْمَ الْقِیٰمَةِ عَمَّا كَانُوْا یَفْتَرُوْنَ۠ Open ayah 29:13 in the Quran reader

And they shall certainly bear their own loads, and some loads along with their own loads. And they will certainly be questioned about what they used to forge.

وَ لَقَدْ اَرْسَلْنَا نُوْحًا اِلٰى قَوْمِهٖ فَلَبِثَ فِیْهِمْ اَلْفَ سَنَةٍ اِلَّا خَمْسِیْنَ عَامًا١ؕ فَاَخَذَهُمُ الطُّوْفَانُ وَ هُمْ ظٰلِمُوْنَ Open ayah 29:14 in the Quran reader

And We sent Nuh to his people. So he stayed with them one thousand, less fifty, years. Then the Cyclone seized them, and they were transgressors.

Commentary It was described in the previous verses that infidels keep on their opposition and afflictions on Muslims as a routine. In the above verses the Holy Prophet ﷺ was consoled by relating some incidents of earlier people that this practice of harassment of believers by the infidels is going on for long. But they never lost hope due to such harassments. Therefore, you too should not care about the troubles afflicted by the infidels, and should keep on performing firmly your prophetic obligations. Among the earlier prophets, the story of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) was related first. It was so because he was the very first prophet who had to confront with the infidelity and association of others with Allah Ta’ ala. Secondly, any other prophet did not experience the extent of harassment he had to put up with from his own people. It was because he had the exclusive honour from Allah Ta’ ala of having very long life. His life span of nine hundred and fifty years (950) years as quoted by the Holy Qur'an is true without any element of doubt. However, in certain narrations it is mentioned that this relates to the period of his preaching and teaching, and there are additional periods of his life before this and after the deluge. وَاللہُ أعلَم Living such an unusually long life continuously in preaching and teaching, and enduring all sorts of afflictions, including drubbing and strangling throughout this period, from the infidels was a special distinction of Sayyidna Nuh (علیہ السلام) . Despite all these difficulties and tribulations he did not lose heart ever. The second story is that of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) who too passed through many testing trials. First the fire of Namrud, then migration from Syria to a howling deserted place, then slaughtering of the son. All these tribulations tell about the hardships he had gone through. Within the story of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) a brief mention is also made of Lut (علیہ السلام) and his people. Then upto the end of the Surah mention is made of some other prophets and their antagonistic people. All these stories were related to keep the spirit of the Holy Prophet ﷺ high, and to make Muslims steadfast to the religion.
Ayahs 29:15–19

فَاَنْجَیْنٰهُ وَ اَصْحٰبَ السَّفِیْنَةِ وَ جَعَلْنٰهَاۤ اٰیَةً لِّلْعٰلَمِیْنَ Open ayah 29:15 in the Quran reader

] So We saved him and the people of the Ark, and made it a sign for all the worlds.

وَ اِبْرٰهِیْمَ اِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ اعْبُدُوا اللّٰهَ وَ اتَّقُوْهُ١ؕ ذٰلِكُمْ خَیْرٌ لَّكُمْ اِنْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُوْنَ Open ayah 29:16 in the Quran reader

And (We sent) Ibrahim when he said to his people, "Worship Allah and fear Him. That is better for you if you know.

اِنَّمَا تَعْبُدُوْنَ مِنْ دُوْنِ اللّٰهِ اَوْثَانًا وَّ تَخْلُقُوْنَ اِفْكًا١ؕ اِنَّ الَّذِیْنَ تَعْبُدُوْنَ مِنْ دُوْنِ اللّٰهِ لَا یَمْلِكُوْنَ لَكُمْ رِزْقًا فَابْتَغُوْا عِنْدَ اللّٰهِ الرِّزْقَ وَ اعْبُدُوْهُ وَ اشْكُرُوْا لَهٗ١ؕ اِلَیْهِ تُرْجَعُوْنَ Open ayah 29:17 in the Quran reader

You only worship idols beside Allah and you invent a lie. In fact those whom you worship beside Allah do not have power to give you provision. So seek provision near Allah and worship Him and be grateful to Him. To Him you are to be returned.

وَ اِنْ تُكَذِّبُوْا فَقَدْ كَذَّبَ اُمَمٌ مِّنْ قَبْلِكُمْ١ؕ وَ مَا عَلَى الرَّسُوْلِ اِلَّا الْبَلٰغُ الْمُبِیْنُ Open ayah 29:18 in the Quran reader

And if you belie me, then many nations have belied (their messengers) before you. And the messenger has no obligation but to convey the message clearly."

اَوَ لَمْ یَرَوْا كَیْفَ یُبْدِئُ اللّٰهُ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ یُعِیْدُهٗ١ؕ اِنَّ ذٰلِكَ عَلَى اللّٰهِ یَسِیْرٌ Open ayah 29:19 in the Quran reader

Did they not see how Allah originates the creation, then He will do it again. Surely this is easy for Allah.

Commentary The infidels of Makkah believed that it is Allah who has created the whole universe, but they deemed it impossible that the people will be resurrected after they once die. The present verses have described the fallacy of their view. It is stated that repeating the process of creation is much easier than its origination. It is strange that these infidels do believe that Allah has originated the creation, but they deny His power to do it again, while the latter is easier than the former. Then verse 20 has induced them to look around them to appreciate the splendors of the creation, so that they may apprehend that the One who has originated this marvelous creation can easily repeat the process. After establishing the Resurrection, the last three verses describe the punishment for those who deny it.
Ayahs 29:20–26

قُلْ سِیْرُوْا فِی الْاَرْضِ فَانْظُرُوْا كَیْفَ بَدَاَ الْخَلْقَ ثُمَّ اللّٰهُ یُنْشِئُ النَّشْاَةَ الْاٰخِرَةَ١ؕ اِنَّ اللّٰهَ عَلٰى كُلِّ شَیْءٍ قَدِیْرٌۚ Open ayah 29:20 in the Quran reader

Say, "Go about in the land and look how He has originated the creation. Then Allah will create the subsequent creation. Surely Allah is powerful to do everything."

یُعَذِّبُ مَنْ یَّشَآءُ وَ یَرْحَمُ مَنْ یَّشَآءُ١ۚ وَ اِلَیْهِ تُقْلَبُوْنَ Open ayah 29:21 in the Quran reader

He punishes whom He wills and has mercy on whom He wills. And to Him you are to be turned back.

وَ مَاۤ اَنْتُمْ بِمُعْجِزِیْنَ فِی الْاَرْضِ وَ لَا فِی السَّمَآءِ١٘ وَ مَا لَكُمْ مِّنْ دُوْنِ اللّٰهِ مِنْ وَّلِیٍّ وَّ لَا نَصِیْرٍ۠ Open ayah 29:22 in the Quran reader

And you are not (able) to frustrate (Allah) neither in the earth nor in the sky. And, apart from Allah, you have neither a protector nor a helper.

وَ الَّذِیْنَ كَفَرُوْا بِاٰیٰتِ اللّٰهِ وَ لِقَآئِهٖۤ اُولٰٓئِكَ یَئِسُوْا مِنْ رَّحْمَتِیْ وَ اُولٰٓئِكَ لَهُمْ عَذَابٌ اَلِیْمٌ Open ayah 29:23 in the Quran reader

And those who deny the signs of Allah and meeting with Him, those will despair of My mercy, and those are the ones for whom there is a painful punishment.

فَمَا كَانَ جَوَابَ قَوْمِهٖۤ اِلَّاۤ اَنْ قَالُوا اقْتُلُوْهُ اَوْ حَرِّقُوْهُ فَاَنْجٰىهُ اللّٰهُ مِنَ النَّارِ١ؕ اِنَّ فِیْ ذٰلِكَ لَاٰیٰتٍ لِّقَوْمٍ یُّؤْمِنُوْنَ Open ayah 29:24 in the Quran reader

So, the response of his (Ibrahim's) people was none but that they said, "Kill him" or 'Burn him". So Allah saved him from the fire. Surely in this there are signs for a people who believe.

وَ قَالَ اِنَّمَا اتَّخَذْتُمْ مِّنْ دُوْنِ اللّٰهِ اَوْثَانًا١ۙ مَّوَدَّةَ بَیْنِكُمْ فِی الْحَیٰوةِ الدُّنْیَا١ۚ ثُمَّ یَوْمَ الْقِیٰمَةِ یَكْفُرُ بَعْضُكُمْ بِبَعْضٍ وَّ یَلْعَنُ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا١٘ وَّ مَاْوٰىكُمُ النَّارُ وَ مَا لَكُمْ مِّنْ نّٰصِرِیْنَۗۙ Open ayah 29:25 in the Quran reader

And he (Ibrahim) said, "You have taken to idols instead of Allah, only because of love (you have) with each other in the worldly life. Then on the Day of Judgment you will reject each other and will curse one another. And your abode is the Fire, and you will have no helpers."

فَاٰمَنَ لَهٗ لُوْطٌ١ۘ وَ قَالَ اِنِّیْ مُهَاجِرٌ اِلٰى رَبِّیْ١ؕ اِنَّهٗ هُوَ الْعَزِیْزُ الْحَكِیْمُ Open ayah 29:26 in the Quran reader

So Lut believed in him and he (Ibrahim) said, "I am going to leave my homeland towards my Lord. Surely He is the Mighty, the Wise.

Commentary فَآمَنَ لَهُ لُوطٌ ۘ وَقَالَ إِنِّي مُهَاجِرٌ‌ إِلَىٰ رَ‌بِّي (So Lut believed in him and he (Ibrahim علیہ السلام) said, "I am going to leave my homeland towards my Lord. - 29:2, 6). Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) was the nephew of Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) . He was the very first one to accept faith after watching the miracle of Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) in the fire of Namrild. When Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) planned to migrate from his hometown, Kutha - a township of Kufah - along with his wife Sayyidah Sarah, who was his cousin and had accepted Islam, and Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) he said إِنِّي مُهَاجِرٌ‌ إِلَىٰ رَ‌بِّي . That is ` I am going to leave my homeland toward my Lord' It meant that he wanted to go to some place where there was no obstacle in worshipping Allah. Ibrahim An-Nakha'i and Qatadah رحمۃ اللہ علیہما are of the opinion that this sentence was said by Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) ،
Ayah 29:27

وَ وَهَبْنَا لَهٗۤ اِسْحٰقَ وَ یَعْقُوْبَ وَ جَعَلْنَا فِیْ ذُرِّیَّتِهِ النُّبُوَّةَ وَ الْكِتٰبَ وَ اٰتَیْنٰهُ اَجْرَهٗ فِی الدُّنْیَا١ۚ وَ اِنَّهٗ فِی الْاٰخِرَةِ لَمِنَ الصّٰلِحِیْنَ Open ayah 29:27 in the Quran reader

And We granted him Ishaque and Ya` qub and assigned to his progeny prophethood and book, and gave him his reward in the world; and of course he, in the Hereafter, is one of the righteous.

because the next sentence, i.e وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ (And We granted him Ishaque and Yaqub) is pointing certainly toward Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) . However, some other commentators are of the view that إِنِّي مُهَاجِرٌ‌ إِلَىٰ رَ‌بِّي (I am going to leave my homeland) was said by Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) . But in the present context, the former explanation appears more appropriate. Although Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) had accompanied Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) during this journey, but being subordinate to him, his separate mention was not called for, like Sayyidah Sarah, who was subordinate to Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) ، was not mentioned separately. First prophetic migration in world's history Sayyidna Ibrahim (علیہ السلام) was the first prophet who had to migrate from his hometown for the sake of religion. He underwent this migration at the age of 75 years. (Qurtubi). The reward for some actions is bestowed in this world as well وَآتَيْنَاهُ أَجْرَ‌هُ فِي الدُّنْيَا (And gave his reward in the world - 29:27). That is, ` We rewarded Ibrahim for his sacrifices in the way of Allah and righteous actions in this world also'. He is made popular and the Imam among the people of the world. He is respected by all alike, whether Jews, Christians or idol worshippers. In the Hereafter he will be among the Salihin (righteous) of the Paradise. It clarifies that although the real reward for good deeds will be awarded in the Hereafter, but a small part of it is also given in this world. Some authentic ahadith have also described about the award of benefits in this world against good deeds, and depraved outcome of the bad deeds. Maulana Hakim-ul-Ummah (رح) has put together all such acts in his booklet ` Jaza'-ul-A` mal' (جَزَاّء الاَعمَال ).
Ayah 29:28

وَ لُوْطًا اِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهٖۤ اِنَّكُمْ لَتَاْتُوْنَ الْفَاحِشَةَ١٘ مَا سَبَقَكُمْ بِهَا مِنْ اَحَدٍ مِّنَ الْعٰلَمِیْنَ Open ayah 29:28 in the Quran reader

And (We sent) Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) when he said to his people, "Indeed you commit the shameful act that no one in the worlds has ever preceded you in it.

Commentary وَلُوطًا إِذْ قَالَ لِقَوْمِهِ إِنَّكُمْ لَتَأْتُونَ الْفَاحِشَةَ (And [ We sent ] Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) when he said to his people, "Indeed you commit the shameful act - 29:28). Here Sayyidna Lut (علیہ السلام) has described three vicious sins of his people. One, unnatural offence of man with man; two, highway robbery against travelers; and three, commitment of sin openly before others in their group meetings. There is no specification of the third sin in the Holy Qur'an. Thus, it is deduced that every sin, which is a sin in its own right, if committed openly with indifference, it becomes a double sin, irrespective of the type of sin. At this point, some Imams of Tafsir (exegesis) have listed all such sins, which these wretched persons used to commit in their meetings. For instance, throwing stones on travelers and making fun of them, as Umm Hani' ؓ reports it in a hadith. Other commentators have reported that these insolent people were in the habit of committing sins openly before all others. Out of the three sins mentioned in this verse the first one is most disgusting, which was never committed before in the whole world, and even wild beasts abstain from it. The entire ummah is unanimous on that it is a worse sin than adultery. (Ruh)
Ayahs 29:29–38

اَئِنَّكُمْ لَتَاْتُوْنَ الرِّجَالَ وَ تَقْطَعُوْنَ السَّبِیْلَ١ۙ۬ وَ تَاْتُوْنَ فِیْ نَادِیْكُمُ الْمُنْكَرَ١ؕ فَمَا كَانَ جَوَابَ قَوْمِهٖۤ اِلَّاۤ اَنْ قَالُوا ائْتِنَا بِعَذَابِ اللّٰهِ اِنْ كُنْتَ مِنَ الصّٰدِقِیْنَ Open ayah 29:29 in the Quran reader

Is it (not) a fact that you go for men (to satisfy your lust) and rob the wayfarer and commit evil in your gathering?" So the answer of his people was none but that they said, "Bring us Allah's punishment, if you are one of the truthful."

قَالَ رَبِّ انْصُرْنِیْ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْمُفْسِدِیْنَ۠ Open ayah 29:30 in the Quran reader

He said, "My Lord, help me against the people who make mischief."

وَ لَمَّا جَآءَتْ رُسُلُنَاۤ اِبْرٰهِیْمَ بِالْبُشْرٰى١ۙ قَالُوْۤا اِنَّا مُهْلِكُوْۤا اَهْلِ هٰذِهِ الْقَرْیَةِ١ۚ اِنَّ اَهْلَهَا كَانُوْا ظٰلِمِیْنَۚۖ Open ayah 29:31 in the Quran reader

And when Our messengers came to Ibrahim with the good news, they said, "We are going to destroy the people of this town. Surely its people have been transgressors."

قَالَ اِنَّ فِیْهَا لُوْطًا١ؕ قَالُوْا نَحْنُ اَعْلَمُ بِمَنْ فِیْهَا١٘ٙ لَنُنَجِّیَنَّهٗ وَ اَهْلَهٗۤ اِلَّا امْرَاَتَهٗ١٘ۗ كَانَتْ مِنَ الْغٰبِرِیْنَ Open ayah 29:32 in the Quran reader

He said, "There is Sayyidna Lut in it." They said, "We know well who is in it. We will certainly save him and his family except his wife who will be among those remaining behind."

وَ لَمَّاۤ اَنْ جَآءَتْ رُسُلُنَا لُوْطًا سِیْٓءَ بِهِمْ وَ ضَاقَ بِهِمْ ذَرْعًا وَّ قَالُوْا لَا تَخَفْ وَ لَا تَحْزَنْ١۫ اِنَّا مُنَجُّوْكَ وَ اَهْلَكَ اِلَّا امْرَاَتَكَ كَانَتْ مِنَ الْغٰبِرِیْنَ Open ayah 29:33 in the Quran reader

And when Our messengers came to Lut, he grieved for them and his heart was straitened because of them, but they said, 'We are going to save you and your family, except your wife who will be among those remaining behind.

اِنَّا مُنْزِلُوْنَ عَلٰۤى اَهْلِ هٰذِهِ الْقَرْیَةِ رِجْزًا مِّنَ السَّمَآءِ بِمَا كَانُوْا یَفْسُقُوْنَ Open ayah 29:34 in the Quran reader

We are going to bring down on the people of this town a punishment from the sky, because they used to act sinfully."

وَ لَقَدْ تَّرَكْنَا مِنْهَاۤ اٰیَةًۢ بَیِّنَةً لِّقَوْمٍ یَّعْقِلُوْنَ Open ayah 29:35 in the Quran reader

And We left from it (the town) an evident sign for a people who understand.

وَ اِلٰى مَدْیَنَ اَخَاهُمْ شُعَیْبًا١ۙ فَقَالَ یٰقَوْمِ اعْبُدُوا اللّٰهَ وَ ارْجُوا الْیَوْمَ الْاٰخِرَ وَ لَا تَعْثَوْا فِی الْاَرْضِ مُفْسِدِیْنَ Open ayah 29:36 in the Quran reader

And (We sent) to Madyan their brother Shu` aib. So he said, "O my people, worship Allah and expect the Last Day and do not roam about in the land as mischief makers."

فَكَذَّبُوْهُ فَاَخَذَتْهُمُ الرَّجْفَةُ فَاَصْبَحُوْا فِیْ دَارِهِمْ جٰثِمِیْنَ٘ Open ayah 29:37 in the Quran reader

So they belied him, then they were seized by the earthquake and they remained in their homes lying on their faces.

وَ عَادًا وَّ ثَمُوْدَاۡ وَ قَدْ تَّبَیَّنَ لَكُمْ مِّنْ مَّسٰكِنِهِمْ١۫ وَ زَیَّنَ لَهُمُ الشَّیْطٰنُ اَعْمَالَهُمْ فَصَدَّهُمْ عَنِ السَّبِیْلِ وَ كَانُوْا مُسْتَبْصِرِیْنَۙ Open ayah 29:38 in the Quran reader

And (We destroyed) ` Ad and Thamud, and it is visible to you through their dwellings. And the Shaitan had beautified for them their deeds, so he prevented them from the (right) way, though they were people of insight.

Commentary The stories of the earlier people, that are mentioned in these verses briefly, have been related in detail in the previous Surahs. For instance, the story of Shu'aib and those of ` Ad and Thamud have been related in Surahs Al-A` raf and Hud, and the incidents of Qarun, Haman, and the Pharaoh have just passed in Surah Al- Qasas. وَكَانُوا مُسْتَبْصِرِ‌ينَ (They were people of insight - 29:38). This word is derived from Istibsar, which means sight; and Mustabsir is used for observer. The meaning of this sentence is that those who insisted on infidelity and shirk (associating partner with Allah) and got themselves involved in perdition and Allah's wrath were no fools or insane. They were very clever having insight, but their intelligence and sagacity was confined to mundane considerations. They did not realize that there would be a day of reckoning for all good and bad actions, when there would be complete justice, because the cruel and the oppressors move about in this world without hindrance, but those oppressed and afflicted are compelled to endure injustice. The day this injustice will finish and justice will be the order of the day is called the Hereafter. They are at a loss to comprehend this bit. The same subject is coming ahead in Surah Ar-Rum, where it is said يَعْلَمُونَ ظَاهِرً‌ا مِّنَ الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَهُمْ عَنِ الْآخِرَ‌ةِ هُمْ غَافِلُونَ (They know what is superficial of the worldly life, but of the Hereafter they are negligent. - 30:7). . Some commentators have interpreted the meaning of وَكَانُوا مُسْتَبْصِرِ‌ينَ (They were people of insight) that these people did have faith in their heart and did understand well the necessity of the Day of Judgment, but the mundane considerations had compelled them to reject it.