71. Surah Nooh

نوحNoah · 28 ayahsمعارف القرآن انگلش

Ayah 71:1

اِنَّاۤ اَرْسَلْنَا نُوْحًا اِلٰى قَوْمِهٖۤ اَنْ اَنْذِرْ قَوْمَكَ مِنْ قَبْلِ اَنْ یَّاْتِیَهُمْ عَذَابٌ اَلِیْمٌ Open ayah 71:1 in the Quran reader

We sent Nulh to his people saying (to him), "Warn your people before a painful punishment comes to them."

Ayah 71:2

قَالَ یٰقَوْمِ اِنِّیْ لَكُمْ نَذِیْرٌ مُّبِیْنٌۙ Open ayah 71:2 in the Quran reader

He said, "0 my people, I am a plain warner for you

Ayah 71:3

اَنِ اعْبُدُوا اللّٰهَ وَ اتَّقُوْهُ وَ اَطِیْعُوْنِۙ Open ayah 71:3 in the Quran reader

to say that you must worship Allah, and fear Him, and obey me,

Ayahs 71:4–14

یَغْفِرْ لَكُمْ مِّنْ ذُنُوْبِكُمْ وَ یُؤَخِّرْكُمْ اِلٰۤى اَجَلٍ مُّسَمًّى١ؕ اِنَّ اَجَلَ اللّٰهِ اِذَا جَآءَ لَا یُؤَخَّرُ١ۘ لَوْ كُنْتُمْ تَعْلَمُوْنَ Open ayah 71:4 in the Quran reader

and Allah will forgive you your sins, and will defer you to an appointed term. Indeed when Allah's term comes, it is not deferred, if you only know!"

قَالَ رَبِّ اِنِّیْ دَعَوْتُ قَوْمِیْ لَیْلًا وَّ نَهَارًاۙ Open ayah 71:5 in the Quran reader

He said, "My Lord, I have called my people night and day,

فَلَمْ یَزِدْهُمْ دُعَآءِیْۤ اِلَّا فِرَارًا Open ayah 71:6 in the Quran reader

but my call added only to their flight (from the truth) .

وَ اِنِّیْ كُلَّمَا دَعَوْتُهُمْ لِتَغْفِرَ لَهُمْ جَعَلُوْۤا اَصَابِعَهُمْ فِیْۤ اٰذَانِهِمْ وَ اسْتَغْشَوْا ثِیَابَهُمْ وَ اَصَرُّوْا وَ اسْتَكْبَرُوا اسْتِكْبَارًاۚ Open ayah 71:7 in the Quran reader

Whenever I called them, so that You might forgive them, they put their fingers into their ears, and wrapped their clothes around themselves, and grew obstinate, and waxed proud in extreme arrogance.

ثُمَّ اِنِّیْ دَعَوْتُهُمْ جِهَارًاۙ Open ayah 71:8 in the Quran reader

Then I called them loudly,

ثُمَّ اِنِّیْۤ اَعْلَنْتُ لَهُمْ وَ اَسْرَرْتُ لَهُمْ اِسْرَارًاۙ Open ayah 71:9 in the Quran reader

and then I spoke to them in public and spoke to them in private.

فَقُلْتُ اسْتَغْفِرُوْا رَبَّكُمْ١ؕ اِنَّهٗ كَانَ غَفَّارًاۙ Open ayah 71:10 in the Quran reader

So I said, _Pray to your Lord for your forgiveness,__ Indeed He is Very-Forgiving, __

یُّرْسِلِ السَّمَآءَ عَلَیْكُمْ مِّدْرَارًاۙ Open ayah 71:11 in the Quran reader

and He will cause the heavens to rain upon you in abundance,

وَّ یُمْدِدْكُمْ بِاَمْوَالٍ وَّ بَنِیْنَ وَ یَجْعَلْ لَّكُمْ جَنّٰتٍ وَّ یَجْعَلْ لَّكُمْ اَنْهٰرًاؕ Open ayah 71:12 in the Quran reader

and will help you with riches and sons, and will cause gardens to grow for you, and cause rivers to flow for you.

مَا لَكُمْ لَا تَرْجُوْنَ لِلّٰهِ وَقَارًاۚ Open ayah 71:13 in the Quran reader

What has happened to you that you do not appreciate the Majesty of Allah,

وَ قَدْ خَلَقَكُمْ اَطْوَارًا Open ayah 71:14 in the Quran reader

while He has created you in different phases?

Commentary يَغْفِرْ‌ لَكُم مِّن ذُنُوبِكُمْ and Allah will forgive you your sins, 71:4). The particle min is often used to indicate division into parts, that is, to refer to only a part of an amount, group or number. If it is taken in that sense here, it would signify that by embracing the faith only those sins would be forgiven which pertains to the Divine rights because violation of human rights would be forgiven only when the believer fulfills the human rights which he has violated [ such as pecuniary obligations ] and if they cannot be fulfilled [ such as hurting somebody physically or verbally ], then the person who has been so hurt must first be requested to forgive. The hadith which reports that by embracing the faith all sins are forgiven must be understood in the light of the foregoing explanation. In other words, the hadith has the same conditions attached to it as the verse under comment, that is, violation of the rights of the human beings is not forgiven except upon fulfillment of those rights or seeking forgiveness from the victims of that violation. Other scholars of Tafsir interpret the particle min as za'idah, (having no meaning, and added only because of usage). In this way, it signifies that all their sins would be forgiven. However, on the basis of other texts, this general expression is subject to the conditions mentioned above.
Ayahs 71:15–22

اَلَمْ تَرَوْا كَیْفَ خَلَقَ اللّٰهُ سَبْعَ سَمٰوٰتٍ طِبَاقًاۙ Open ayah 71:15 in the Quran reader

Allah has created seven heavens one upon another,

وَّ جَعَلَ الْقَمَرَ فِیْهِنَّ نُوْرًا وَّ جَعَلَ الشَّمْسَ سِرَاجًا Open ayah 71:16 in the Quran reader

and has made the moon a light therein, and made the sun a lamp?

وَ اللّٰهُ اَنْۢبَتَكُمْ مِّنَ الْاَرْضِ نَبَاتًاۙ Open ayah 71:17 in the Quran reader

And Allah has caused you to grow out of the earth a perfect growth,

ثُمَّ یُعِیْدُكُمْ فِیْهَا وَ یُخْرِجُكُمْ اِخْرَاجًا Open ayah 71:18 in the Quran reader

then He will send you back into it, and will bring you forth once again.

وَ اللّٰهُ جَعَلَ لَكُمُ الْاَرْضَ بِسَاطًاۙ Open ayah 71:19 in the Quran reader

And Allah has made the earth a spread for you,

لِّتَسْلُكُوْا مِنْهَا سُبُلًا فِجَاجًا۠ Open ayah 71:20 in the Quran reader

so that you may go about its broad ways."

قَالَ نُوْحٌ رَّبِّ اِنَّهُمْ عَصَوْنِیْ وَ اتَّبَعُوْا مَنْ لَّمْ یَزِدْهُ مَالُهٗ وَ وَلَدُهٗۤ اِلَّا خَسَارًاۚ Open ayah 71:21 in the Quran reader

And said Nuh, "My Lord, they disobeyed me, and followed him whose wealth and children added nothing to him but loss,

وَ مَكَرُوْا مَكْرًا كُبَّارًاۚ Open ayah 71:22 in the Quran reader

] and they devised an enormous plan,

لَمْ تَرَ‌وْا كَيْفَ خَلَقَ اللَّـهُ سَبْعَ سَمَاوَاتٍ طِبَاقًا وَجَعَلَ الْقَمَرَ‌ فِيهِنَّ نُورً‌ا (Did you not see how Allah has created seven heavens one upon another, and has made the moon a light therein? ....71:15-16) These verses are adduced as proof positive of Divine Oneness and His power. He has created seven heavens, one on top of the other, and placed the moon as a light in them. The prepositional phrase in the verse apparently indicates that the moon is placed in the body of the heavens. The subject is fully discussed in Surah Al-Furqan under the following verse: تَبَارَ‌كَ الَّذِي جَعَلَ فِي السَّمَاءِ بُرُ‌وجًا وَجَعَلَ فِيهَا سِرَ‌اجًا وَقَمَرً‌ا مُّنِيرً‌ا Glorious is the One who made stellar formations in the sky and placed therein a lamp (sun) and a bright moon. [ 25:61] Complaining about his people, Prophet Nuh (علیہ السلام) said: وَمَكَرُ‌وا مَكْرً‌ا كُبَّارً‌ا (and they devised an enormous plan....71:22). In other words, they hatched a mighty plot. They rejected the message and persecuted Prophet Nuh (علیہ السلام) . In addition, they let loose hooligans and hoodlums on him. They agreed that they will not abandon their gods, especially the five major idols whose names appear in the following verse:
Ayahs 71:23–24

وَ قَالُوْا لَا تَذَرُنَّ اٰلِهَتَكُمْ وَ لَا تَذَرُنَّ وَدًّا وَّ لَا سُوَاعًا١ۙ۬ وَّ لَا یَغُوْثَ وَ یَعُوْقَ وَ نَسْرًاۚ Open ayah 71:23 in the Quran reader

and said, "Never forsake your gods, and never forsake Wadd, nor Sawa', nor yaghuth and Ya'uq and Nasr.

وَ قَدْ اَضَلُّوْا كَثِیْرًا١ۚ۬ وَ لَا تَزِدِ الظّٰلِمِیْنَ اِلَّا ضَلٰلًا Open ayah 71:24 in the Quran reader

And they have led many astray. And (0 my Lord,) let not the wrongdoers progress in anything but deviation from the right path."

لَا تَذَرُ‌نَّ آلِهَتَكُمْ وَلَا تَذَرُ‌نَّ وَدًّا وَلَا سُوَاعًا وَلَا يَغُوثَ وَيَعُوقَ وَنَسْرً‌ا (and never forsake Wadd, nor Suwa', nor yaghuth and Ya` uq and Nasr…71:23). Imam Baghawi reports that these five were in fact righteous servants of Allah who lived in the intervening period between Prophets 'Adam and Nuh (علیہما السلام) . There were many people who held them in high regard and followed their footsteps. Even after their death, they followed their footsteps and complied with Divine injunctions. A while later, Shaitan misled them. He put it to them that if they make pictures of their righteous elders and place them in front, their worship would be perfect and they would attain the quality of humility and humbleness. Those people fell into the Shaitanic trap and carved statues of them and placed them in their temples. When they saw the statues of their elders, their memories were refreshed and experienced a special feeling. That generation gradually died and a new generation came up. Satan played another trick with them. He imparted to them that the object of worship of their elders were statues and idols. They fell for this trick and worshipped them. This is the beginning of idol-worship or idolatry. People of Prophet Nuh (علیہ السلام) gradually got steeped in idolatry. They had many idols, the five mentioned in the verse under comment being the most popular because of the deep love they had for them. وَلَا تَزِدِ الظَّالِمِينَ إِلَّا ضَلَالًا (…let not the wrongdoers progress in anything but deviation from the right path 71:24). This is the supplication of Prophet Nuh (علیہ السلام) against his people. It may not be surmised that the duty and obligation of a Prophetic office is to guide the people, but here Prophet NuhI is praying for increase in his people's misguidance. Prophet Nuh (علیہ السلام) did not invoke this curse out of despair or impatience. In fact, he invoked it when, after doing full justice to his mission for many centuries, his people chose the path of deviation, rebellion, disbelief and obstinacy and persisted in it until they had reached a point of no return, of which Allah informed him thus, 'And it was revealed to Nuh (علیہ السلام) that none of your people would ever believe except those who have already believed__ [ 11:36] '. This situation made it clear to him that his people would definitely and certainly die in the state of disbelief. So he prayed for their final destiny to overtake them sooner and destroy them.
Ayahs 71:25–28

مِمَّا خَطِیْٓئٰتِهِمْ اُغْرِقُوْا فَاُدْخِلُوْا نَارًا١ۙ۬ فَلَمْ یَجِدُوْا لَهُمْ مِّنْ دُوْنِ اللّٰهِ اَنْصَارًا Open ayah 71:25 in the Quran reader

Because of their sins, they were drowned, and then admitted into the Fire. So they found no helpers for them besides Allah.

وَ قَالَ نُوْحٌ رَّبِّ لَا تَذَرْ عَلَى الْاَرْضِ مِنَ الْكٰفِرِیْنَ دَیَّارًا Open ayah 71:26 in the Quran reader

And said Nuh, "My Lord, do not leave on earth even a single inhabitant from the disbelievers (surviving).

اِنَّكَ اِنْ تَذَرْهُمْ یُضِلُّوْا عِبَادَكَ وَ لَا یَلِدُوْۤا اِلَّا فَاجِرًا كَفَّارًا Open ayah 71:27 in the Quran reader

If You leave them (surviving), they will lead Your slaves astray, and will beget none but a sinful disbeliever.

رَبِّ اغْفِرْ لِیْ وَ لِوَالِدَیَّ وَ لِمَنْ دَخَلَ بَیْتِیَ مُؤْمِنًا وَّ لِلْمُؤْمِنِیْنَ وَ الْمُؤْمِنٰتِ١ؕ وَ لَا تَزِدِ الظّٰلِمِیْنَ اِلَّا تَبَارًا۠ Open ayah 71:28 in the Quran reader

My Lord, grant pardon to me, and to my parents, and to everyone who enters my home as a believer, and to all the believing men and believing women, and do not increase the wrongdoers but in ruin.

مِّمَّا خَطِيئَاتِهِمْ أُغْرِ‌قُوا فَأُدْخِلُوا نَارً‌ا فَلَمْ يَجِدُوا لَهُم مِّن دُونِ اللَّـهِ أَنصَارً‌ا (Because of their sins they were drowned, and then admitted into the Fire. So they found no helpers for them besides Allah…1:25). The 'sins' referred to here are unpardonable sins of 'kufr and shirk'. They were drowned in water and emerged in fire, an opposing punishment which is not impossible for Divine power. Obviously, the ‘Fire’ mentioned in the verse does not refer to the fire of Hell, but refers to the fire in the realm of ‘Barzakh’ (the existence between the worldly life and the life of the Hereafter). The Qur'an speaks of the fire in the realm of 'Barzakh'. It is evident that Sayyidna Nuh's (علیہ السلام) people will be punished in Hell-Fire in the Hereafter after resurrection and accounting for their deeds. Qur’ an Confirms Punishment in the Grave The verse under comment confirms that people will be punished in the realm of Barzakh, usually referring to the period of stay in the grave. This further proves that, since the evil-doers will be punished in the grave, the righteous believers will also be rewarded and blessed with favours. Authentic and successively transmitted ahadith report about the reward and punishment in the grave so abundantly and clearly that its reality cannot be denied or rejected. Therefore, there is a total agreement of the Ummah on this issue; and belief in it is the symbol of Ahl-us-Sunnah wal-Jami'ah. Al-hamdulillah The Commentary on Surah Nuh Ends here